Dysentery is an infection that causes sores that cause ulcers confined to the colon or huge intestine characterized by typical signs are known as dysentery syndrome, namely abdominal pain & watery bowel movements that constantly (diarrhea) is mixed with mucus & blood.
The presence of blood & leucocytes in the stool is a proof that the germs that cause dysentery are penetrating the colon wall & lodged underneath. That is why in these days of invasive diarrhea name preferred by the specialists.
Historically, dysentery thought about only consists of types based on the cause, namely basiler dysentery caused by Shigella bacillus spp. & amoebic dysentery caused by the parasite Entamoeba histolytica. But now it's been known to lots of other causes in the kind of microbes, bacteria & parasites, which are: Shigella spp., Salmonella spp., Campylobacter spp., Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Pleisomonas shigelloides, EIEC (Enteriinnasive E. coil), Aeromonus spp., Entamoeba histolytica or Giardia lambha. Shigella spp. there is in every single place & is the most common cause of dysentery.
Here are kinds of germs or bacteria that cause dysentery are lots of:
one. Shigella spp.
Shigelloides are in every single place but most are in the country with the level of individual health is bad. Man himself is the source of transmission & natural hosts of this illness, the mode of transmission is by orofaecal the germs enter your body healthy people through oral (mouth) & out of the sick person's body through the feces. Shigella spp are the most common cause of invasive diarrhea (dysentery) compared with other causes.
Known there's species of Shigella on the basis of biochemical reactions & serology, namely: Sh. Jlexneri, Sh. boydii, Sh. dysentriae & Sh. sonnei. The first species are subdivided in to serotypes were Sh. sonnei were divided according to type colisin. Until now it was known that there's 8 scrotipe Sh. Jlexneri, 15 serotypes of Sh. boydii, ten serotypes of Sh. dysentriae & 15 type colisin Sh. sonnei.
four. Salmonella spp.
The illness is more common in countries whose inhabitants are meat-eaters. So it is understandable that Salmonellosis become a bigger health issue in countries that have been developed compared with developing countries.
Several species of Salmonella that are not S. typhi, S. paratyphi A & B may cause invasive diarrhea. As is known Salmonella is a zoonotic illness, animal & poultry are a reservoir of this illness, & people infected through food, meat, poultry & eggs.
In recent Campylobacter jejuni (formerly called "other vibrio" (related vibrio) began to emerge as an important cause of diarrheal illness. This illness is a zoonosis although usually transmitted from person through contaminated water.
two. Campylobacter spp.
Campylobacter infections are chiefly present in childhood &, it causes diarrhea is usually over 7 days although the signs are not heavy.
It is estimated that poultry is the lowest reservoir potential. It is important because the Indonesian people prefer to eat poultry meat than beef. In addition, the egg also plays an important role in, transmission of this illness. Various eruption of this illness in Britain, the United States & Canada have been associated with unpasteurized milk. Milk contaminated through direct contact with the feces of cows. C. jejuni will be able to survive for 22 days in milk stored at three ° C but die soon if pasteurized.
three. EIEC (entero Invasive Escherichia coli)
Since 1967, researchers in Japan, Brazil & other countries has shown that definite serotypes of Escherichia coli other than those named EPEC (& definite other serotypes of E. coli), have been isolated from feces of children & adult patients with diarrhea invasive . Now it is known that serotypes of E. coli that are invasive are: 028ac, 029, 0112ac, 0124, 0136, 0143, 0144, 0152, 0164 & 0167. EIEC serotype 0124 is the most frequent cause eruption of the epidemic, as happened in Hungary & the USA.
Importance of Tidy & Healthy Lifestyle
EIEC closely resemble Shigella because often the same biochemical properties, lactose negative, not moving, lysin decarboxylase was also negative, but it's the same 0 somatic antigen.
Preventive measures that can be completed to anticipate dysentery which thinking about a healthy lifestyle & tidy, as always maintain the cleanliness of food & drink from contamination of dirt & germ-carrying insects, environmental hygiene, tidy hands properly after defecation or before eating or when holding food to be eaten.
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